Category: Litigation

Back on the SEC climate rules rollercoaster in the Eighth Circuit—will a new stay be granted?

Liberty Energy Incorporated and Nomad Proppant Services LLC decided to give it another go. Are you surprised?  In this notice of pending emergency motion, Liberty and Nomad advise the Eighth Circuit of their request for a new administrative stay and a stay pending judicial review in connection with their petition challenging the SEC’s final climate disclosure rules.  As you may remember, a petition for review of the final rules was filed by Liberty and Nomad on March 6 in the Fifth Circuit and their motion for an administrative stay was granted on March 15.  That case was just one of nine challenging the SEC’s rules in six different circuits.  Upon request of the SEC, on March 21, 2024, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation issued a consolidation order in these cases, randomly selecting the Eighth Circuit as the court in which to consolidate these petitions. Following that consolidation order,  the Fifth Circuit ordered the transfer of Liberty’s petition to the Eighth Circuit and the dissolution of the administrative stay. (See this PubCo post.)

Stay of SEC climate disclosure rules lifted

As discussed in these PubCo posts from Monday, Saturday, Tuesday  and Thursday, on March 15, in a one-sentence order, the Fifth Circuit granted a motion by Liberty Energy Inc. and Nomad Proppant Services LLC for an administrative stay of the SEC final climate disclosure rules. That case was just one of nine challenging the SEC’s rules in six different circuits.  As previously reported, upon request of the SEC, on March 21, 2024, the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation issued a consolidation order in these cases, randomly selecting the Eighth Circuit as the court in which to consolidate these petitions. Bloomberg has reported that, of 17 appellate judges in the Eighth Circuit, only one was appointed by a Democrat. Not that the politics should matter, of course. 

Judicial Panel consolidates petitions challenging SEC climate disclosure rules

As discussed in these PubCo posts from Monday, Saturday and Tuesday, on March 15, in a one-sentence order, the Fifth Circuit granted a motion by Liberty Energy Inc. and Nomad Proppant Services LLC for an administrative stay of the SEC final climate disclosure rules. That case was just one of nine challenging the SEC’s rules in six different circuits, with seven petitioners contending that the SEC went too far and had no authority to issue the rules and two affirming the SEC’s authority and contending that, in rolling back the proposal, the SEC has “fallen short of its statutory mandate to protect investors.”

SEC charges Skechers with failure to disclose related-person transactions involving family members

Recently, the SEC announced settled charges against Skechers U.S.A., Inc., a public footwear company traded on the NYSE, for allegedly failing to disclose payments to executives’ immediate family members and loans to executives and directors that represented unreimbursed personal expenses in excess of the disclosure threshold. In the settlement, Skechers agreed to pay a $1.25 million civil penalty. According to an SEC Associate Director of Enforcement, “[d]isclosure of related person transactions provides important information for investors to evaluate the overall relationship between a company and its officers and directors….Today’s action is a reminder that companies should take appropriate measures to ensure proper disclosure of such transactions.” This case serves as a good reminder, especially during proxy season, about the need to disclose, under Reg S-K Item 404, related-person transactions that involve significant unreimbursed personal expenses or family members who may be performing work for the company. Companies may want to beef up their due diligence processes and disclosure controls around these types of transactions.

Where will the fate of the SEC’s final climate rules be determined?

As discussed in these PubCo posts from Monday and Saturday, on March 15, in a one-sentence order, the Fifth Circuit granted a motion by Liberty Energy Inc. and Nomad Proppant Services LLC for an administrative stay of the SEC final climate disclosure rules. That case was just one of nine filed (so far) challenging the SEC’s rules in six different circuits, with seven petitioners contending that the SEC went too far and had no authority to issue the rules and two affirming the SEC’s authority and contending that, in rolling back the proposal, the SEC has “fallen short of its statutory mandate to protect investors.” As previously noted, the longevity of the Fifth Circuit stay, as well as the ultimate outcome of litigation about the rules, could well be determined by another court that is designated by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation to hear the multiple pending challenges to the rules on a consolidated basis.  How does that work?  This article in Bloomberg does some explaining. 

Final SEC climate disclosure rules [UPDATED]— Part III Financial Information

On March 6,  the SEC adopted final rules “to enhance and standardize climate-related disclosures by public companies and in public offerings.” Even though, in the final rules, the SEC scaled back significantly on the proposal—including putting the kibosh on the controversial mandate for Scope 3 GHG emissions reporting and requiring disclosure of Scope 1 and/or Scope 2 GHG emissions on a phased-in basis only by accelerated and large accelerated filers and only when those emissions are material—all kinds of litigation immediately ensued. In one of those cases, a petition for review of the final rule was filed on March 6 in the Fifth Circuit by Liberty Energy Inc. and Nomad Proppant Services LLC, followed on March 8 by a motion asking the Court to issue an administrative stay and a stay pending review of the rule. As discussed in this PubCo post, on March 15, in a one-sentence order, the Fifth Circuit granted Petitioners’ motion for an administrative stay. How long this pause will continue is anyone’s guess; its longevity may well be determined by another court designated by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation to hear the multiple pending challenges to the rules, to which SEC alludes in its response. But, given that the stay is temporary, below is Part III of a revision and update of my earlier post on the climate disclosure rules. Part III addresses “Financial Statement Effects.”

SEC dials back final climate disclosure rules

We’ve been trying to read the tea leaves for two years now, speculating about where the SEC’s final climate disclosure rules might land, especially as criticism about the proposal from the corporate sphere and from Congress intensified, and snippets about the contents of the final rule leaked to the press.  This conjecture is now at an end: yesterday, by a vote of three to two, the SEC adopted final rules “to enhance and standardize climate-related disclosures by public companies and in public offerings.”  If you tuned in to the SEC’s open meeting yesterday—with over two hours devoted to the climate rules—you didn’t see a lot of happy faces. The dissenters (Commissioners Hester Peirce and Mark Uyeda) thought the rule was unnecessary and went too far and Commissioner Caroline Crenshaw thought the final rule didn’t go far enough, but was barely acceptable as a “floor” for disclosure. Only SEC Chair Gary Gensler and Commissioner Jaime Lizárraga seemed to think that the balance was about right. Apparently, a coalition of attorneys general from ten states isn’t very happy either. Law 360 is reporting that the group immediately petitioned the Eleventh Circuit to review the new climate rules. (See the SideBar below.)

The disclosure, which will be included in registration statements and annual reports, will draw, in part, on disclosures provided for under the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures and the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. The new rules will require public companies to disclose information about the material climate-related risks, companies’ governance, risk management and any material climate-related targets or goals, as well as disclosure of the financial statement effects, such as costs and losses, of severe weather events and other natural conditions. Importantly, as widely rumored, in response to public feedback, the SEC has jettisoned the mandate for Scope 3 GHG emissions reporting;  the final rules require disclosure of Scope 1 and/or Scope 2 GHG emissions on a phased-in basis only by accelerated and large accelerated filers when those emissions are material.  Companies will also be allowed more time to file their emissions disclosures. Attestation will also be phased in. According to Gensler,

“Our federal securities laws lay out a basic bargain. Investors get to decide which risks they want to take so long as companies raising money from the public make what President Franklin Roosevelt called ‘complete and truthful disclosure,’….Over the last 90 years, the SEC has updated, from time to time, the disclosure requirements underlying that basic bargain and, when necessary, provided guidance with respect to those disclosure requirements….These final rules build on past requirements by mandating material climate risk disclosures by public companies and in public offerings. The rules will provide investors with consistent, comparable, and decision-useful information, and issuers with clear reporting requirements. Further, they will provide specificity on what companies must disclose, which will produce more useful information than what investors see today. They will also require that climate risk disclosures be included in a company’s SEC filings, such as annual reports and registration statements rather than on company websites, which will help make them more reliable.”

Another EV manufacturer charged for material misrepresentation to investors

It’s almost as if someone put a hex on electric vehicle manufacturers that went public through de-SPACs.  In 2022, SEC Enforcement charged Nikola Corporation, an aspiring manufacturer of low- or zero-emission semi-trucks, alleging that Nikola “defrauded investors by misleading them about its products, technical advancements, and commercial prospects,” leading to a $125 million settlement.  (See this PubCo post.) Then we had a twofer—settled actions against two manufacturers of electric vehicles for misleading investors. In the first case, Hyzon Motors Inc., a maker of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles, was charged with misleading investors about the status of Hyzon’s products, business relationships and vehicle sales, agreeing to pay a civil penalty of $25 million. Then, the predecessor to Spruce Power Holding Corporation, XL Fleet, which provided fleet hybrid electrical vehicles, was alleged to have misled investors about its sales pipeline and revenue projections.  As the successor, Spruce agreed to pay a civil penalty of $11 million. (See this PubCo post.) But that’s not the end of it.  Now we have charges against Lordstown Motors Corp., a manufacturer of electric vehicles focused on the commercial fleet market, for “misleading investors about the sales prospects of Lordstown’s flagship electric pickup truck, the Endurance.”  Lordstown went public through a de-SPAC transaction in 2020 and filed for bankruptcy in 2023. As a result of this action, Lordstown agreed to a cease-and-desist order and disgorgement of $25.5 million.

Climate disclosure rules officially slated for March 6 open meeting

Consideration of the SEC’s long anticipated climate disclosure rules—the “Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors”—is finally on the SEC’s open meeting agenda for March 6. There have been lots of rumors about the timing and the contents of the final rule, so now we’ll actually have the opportunity to see what the SEC has settled on. (For discussions of the substance of the proposal, see this PubCo post, this PubCo post and this PubCo post.) Stay tuned.

After 1576 days, DC District Court holds proxy advisor rule invalid

A Federal District Court has just held invalid the SEC’s rule regarding proxy advisory firms. The case dates back to 2019(!), when ISS sued the SEC and then-SEC Chair Jay Clayton in connection with the SEC’s interpretive guidance that proxy advisory firms’ vote recommendations were, in the view of the SEC, “solicitations” under the proxy rules and subject to the anti-fraud provisions of Rule 14a-9.  (See this PubCo post.) Rules confirming that interpretation were adopted in 2020. In its amended complaint, ISS contended that the interpretation in the release and the subsequent rules were unlawful for a number of reasons, including that the SEC’s determination that providing proxy advice is a “solicitation” is contrary to law, that the SEC failed to comply with the Administrative Procedure Act and that the views expressed in the release were arbitrary and capricious. Now, after 1576 days, the DC District Court has agreed, holding that the “SEC acted contrary to law and in excess of statutory authority when it amended the proxy rules’ definition of ‘solicit’ and ‘solicitation’ to include proxy voting advice for a fee.”